Chapter+9-Assessing+and+Teaching+Spelling

Chapter 9: Assessing and Teaching Spelling



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Commercial Spelling Program

Weekly Questions







Phases of Spelling Development
 * == According to Gentry (1982, 2004, 2006), students move through two distinct phases of spelling development. ==
 * === Phase 1 - //Learning to Spell// ===
 * ====// Level I- precommunicative spelling (child uses scribbles, letters, and letterlike forms and shows preference for uppercase) //====
 * ====// Level I- semiphonetic spelling (child has some awareness of letters that are used to represent sounds) //====
 * ====// Level II- phonetic spelling (child represents all essential sound features in spelling a word) //====
 * ====// Level I- transitional spelling (child begins to use conventional alternatives for representing sounds and includes vowel in every syllable) //====
 * === Phase 2 - //Correct and Automatic Spelling// ===

Assessment of Spelling Skills
 * == Informal Spelling Assessment ==
 * === Dictated Spelling Test- commonly used for assessing various skills in spelling and determining spelling grade level ===
 * === Informal Spelling Inventory- used to determine student ’ s approximate grade level in spelling achievement ===
 * === Curriculum-Based Measurement- rate samples on words from a given spelling curriculum are used to measure students spelling skills ===
 * === Spelling Error Analysis- can be used to provide a profile of spelling strengths and weaknesses ===
 * === Cloze Procedure- visual means of testing spelling ===
 * === Probes- student works on probe sheet and teacher records the rate of correct and incorrect responses ===

Teaching Spelling Skills: Multisensory Approach
 * == Spelling involves skills in the visual, auditory, and motor sensory modalities. it. ==
 * === Fernald ’ s (1988) multisensory approach- includes 4 sensory modalities: visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile. ===
 * === Gillingham method- uses alphabetic system with repetition and drill. ===
 * === Kearney and Drabman (1993) used a modified write-say spelling intervention designed to provide immediate feedback to visual and auditory modalities of student with learning problem ===
 * === Cover-and-write method- student looks at word and says it, student writes word twice while looking at it, student covers word and writes it again, student checks spelling by looking at it. ===

Teaching Students with Learning Problems, 8th Edition, Cecil D. Mercer; Ann R. Mercer; Paige C. Pullen (2011)